If a patient does tear the meniscus, the orthopedic surgeon can trim out the inner part and reshape it back to the normal C-shape. There is also a genetic or familial factor that is believed to play a role in the development of discoid menisci. . Discoid Meniscus. In most cases, the patients may not experience any symptoms throughout his life. It sometimes may present itself in the form of swelling, pain and cracking sound of the affected knee. The histologic findings of our study seem to confirm that discoid lateral meniscus is different from a normal meniscus in terms of distribution and shape of the cells, vascularity, and organization of collagen fibers, irrespectively of the age of the patients. Several tears are amenable to arthroscopic repair. Specifically, this syndrome affects the first branchial (or pharyngeal) arch, which is the precursor of the maxilla and mandible.Since the branchial arches are important developmental features in a growing embryo, disturbances in their development create lasting and widespread effects. The natural history depends on the type of anomaly and the nature and presence of symptoms. E. K. Schallert 06:05. A discoid meniscus has abnormal morphology. My meniscus was apparently "discoid" instead of C-shaped. Patella Dislocation and Discoid Meniscus: Actual Study Start Date : March 21, 2019: Estimated Primary Completion Date : December 31, 2022: Discoid Meniscus is a rare orthopedic condition that occurs when the meniscus attains a half-moon or oval shape and thickens up. PRiSM. The discoid meniscus may indeed be a congenital anomaly 9, 17), and genetic or familial factors may play a role in the development of discoid menisci 8, 19). A discoid meniscus generally covers the entire tibial plateau. Because the histology of discoid meniscus is different from that of normal meniscus, it is prone to tearing. Completely filled in center or small void in center with thicker outer rim Anatomic variation alters normal mechanics and predisposes to tearing. Discoid meniscus . Unique Radiologic Features of Discoid Menisci Feat. Our Meniscus Transplant Center is dedicated to replacing the meniscus and has been successful at getting athletes back to high levels of activity, even if they had developed arthritis. A unique type of meniscus problem occasionally encountered in children is an abnormally shaped meniscus called a discoid meniscus. Discoid meniscus is an abnormal meniscus that is thicker than normal and has a different shape and texture that usually affects the lateral meniscus of the knee 1) . My orthopedic surgeon indicated that discoid menisci are more prone to tears than "normal" menisci . Discoid menisci are usually found on the lateral (outer) side of the knee. Lateral discoid meniscus is far more common than medial discoid meniscus, with the latter being rare. Compared to standard meniscus it is thicker and abnormal in shape; these characteristics make it more prone to tear. It is a congenital defect whose correct etiology is still debated and far from being clarified. [3]. A number of researchers have reported a relation between meniscal injuries and discoid meniscus (4,8,9). Incidence of the discoid lateral . Fourth, the presence of a discoid meniscus has a poorer prognosis due to the oversized meniscus causing excessive stress at the articular surface during motion (16). To search for genetic risk factors of injury and put forward related scientific hypotheses. A specific cause for developing a discoid meniscus is . In the discoid meniscus, there are decreased collagen The discoid meniscus is a relatively rare abnormality of the knee joint. Meniscus Anatomy The meniscus is a soft and fibrous cartilage resting between the femur and the tibia in the knee. Hereditary transmission of the discoid lateral menisci is shown in some cases [9]. Compared to standard meniscus it is thicker and abnormal in shape; these characteristics make it more prone to tear. . The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate evidences of DM . Background: How the meniscus adapts to the morphological changes in the lateral tibiofemoral compartment, in terms of gene expression, was the reason to establish this present study. Pathogenetically, the discoid meniscus may result from failure of the central resorption during the embryologic development [2]. Subjects and methods: We have investigated the apoptotic and autophagic gene . first reported on the morphology of the discoid meniscus, and the associated clinical "snapping knee syndrome" was subsequently described by Middleton et al. It is a congenital defect whose correct etiology is still debated and far from being clarified. A discoid meniscus is an abnormal congenital morphological anomaly: it is thicker, has less vascularity, has a 'disc' shape instead of a normal 'semilunar' shape and covers more tibial plateau. A meniscus tear can be diagnosed during a physical exam from a sports medicine expert who may check your knee's range of motion as well as your walking gait. Healthy meniscus is shaped like crescent moons (in fact, "meniscus" comes from the Greek word for crescent). 4 symptomatic discoid menisci can occur equally in children, adolescents, and young adults, and trauma has been listed as the inciting cause of symptoms in 38 to 66% of patients. There is an inner (medial) and an outer (lateral) meniscus. Hereditary transmission of the discoid lateral menisci is shown in some cases . Watanabe classified the discoid . The goal of surgery is to contour the discoid lateral meniscus to resemble a normal meniscus. Discoid meniscus is a congenital anatomic variant seen almost exclusively on the lateral (outer) side of the knee. Arthroscopy. However, cases of accessory lateral meniscus in the form of a double-layered meniscus are extremely uncommon (reported with a prevalence of 0.06% to 0.09% [2, 3]) and, when present, are believed to potentially contribute to the symptoms of patients . The Ohio State University - Wexner Medical Center. Discoid lateral meniscus is a common abnormal meniscal variant in children. The disk shape of these menisci makes them more susceptible to tearing. We report members of a Caucasian family with abnormally A discoid meniscus is an unusual meniscus variant, and is wider than the normal crescentic shape. Discoid menisci are congenital, frequently bilateral (up to 50%) and have been reported in twins, although no genetic locus has been identified . Some authors have reported bilateral discoid menisci in identical female twins 20) or in a family of three brothers and sisters 20, 21). Discoid meniscus lacks C-shaped configuration. Each knee has two menisci. Discoid meniscus . It typically affects the lateral meniscus and may be found bilaterally (20%). The concept of a clinical syndrome of a snapping knee that is caused by this type of DLM is widely accepted in the pediatric orthopedic literature. A Discoid Meniscus is a congenital defect of the meniscus (present in the knee). The Discoid fibrocartilaginous structure differ to normal menisci with disorganized . Discoid meniscus (DM) is a broad term used to describe a spectrum of disorders of meniscal shape and stability that can affect both men and women. 1-5 A discoid meniscus represents a meniscus with an atypical saucer-like shape that is thicker, covering a larger surface area of the tibial plateau compared with an anatomically normal crescent-shaped meniscus. When a well-meaning surgeon enters . The histology and ultrastructure of discoid . Healthy menisci are shaped like crescent moons (in fact, "meniscus" comes from the Greek word for crescent). anatomical feature protects the lateral meniscus against the occurrence of tears5. 6, 7 Discoid menisci are markedly more . Discoid meniscus (DM) is a rare variant of regular knee anatomy. There are variations in incidence in various population groups ranging from 0.4-17% for lateral discoid meniscus and 0.1-3 % for medial discoid meniscus. Some discoid menisci have abnormal peripheral attachments and are unstable. They are incidentally found in 3-5% of knee MRI examinations. Signs and symptoms of meniscus tears in children and teens Symptoms of a meniscus tear can include: Pain in the knee joint Swelling Limping Finally, juvenile OCD has a better prognosis due to an open and active . Meniscus tears usually occur after a sudden forceful twisting of the knee, which causes the meniscus the semicircular, wedge-shaped collection of soft cartilage in the knee to stretch and tear. Arthroscopic treatment of meniscal cysts. In some cases the entire meniscus needs to be excised due to un-repairable damage to the meniscus. We reviewed the cases of 2,132 patients who underwent knee arthroscopy between 1986 and 2004 and diagnosis of discoid lateral meniscus was established in 39 patients with mean age of 31.7 9.4 years old. More variants of the lateral than the medial meniscus have been reported. The reported incidence of discoid meniscus ranges from 0.4 to 17% for the lateral meniscus [11, 12]. Sometimes repairs (suturing/stitching) of meniscus is necessary to correct the meniscus, and this can only be assessed during surgery. The discoid meniscus is the most common abnormal meniscal variant in children . There is a higher prevalence in Asians without any gender predilection . 2. A discoid meniscus is thicker than normal, and often oval or disc-shaped. PDF | Background: How the meniscus adapts to the morphological changes in the lateral tibiofemoral compartment, in terms of gene expression, was the. Once a discoid meniscus is torn, it usually does not heal because the meniscus lacks a strong blood supply. The discoid meniscus is an uncommon anatomical meniscal variant that may present with pain, snapping, motion loss, swelling, and locking of the affected knee, typically during childhood or adolescence. 1993:591-595, Figure 3. The goal of surgery is to contour the discoid lateral meniscus to resemble a normal meniscus. Discoid meniscus is the most frequent congenital malformation . A torn meniscus can be repaired, regenerated, or replaced at The Stone Clinic. It may be present in just the one knee or both knees, and it is generally understood that the condition is genetic Although both menisci have been . It is thicker and covers more of the tibial plateau.The incidence of lateral discoid meniscus is 0.4% to 17%5, compared to 0.06% to 0.3%for the . Fewer patients with discoid meniscus in our study may explain that the attachment type and size of the pMFL were not related to discoid meniscus. The precise aetiology of a discoid meniscus is unknown, although some authors suggested that it is congenital, with a genetic or familiar predisposition for the development of discoid menisci.14, 33, 34. . The goal of surgery is to contour the discoid lateral meniscus to resemble a normal meniscus. The discoid lateral meniscus is more common in females. There are three different kinds of discoid meniscus susceptible to tearing. Due to these anatomic differences, a discoid meniscus confers inferior mechanical properties and increased risk of both meniscal tear and symptoms such as knee pain and "snapping knee syndrome" . Some patients may experience the feeling that their knee is giving away. The discoid meniscus is a congenital anatomic variant that is estimated to affect up to 5% of the general US population [].In 1889, Young et al. Basics Description Menisci are fibrocartilaginous structures that are C-shaped (axial plane) and wedge-shaped (coronal plane). . Epidemiology Discoid menisci are congenital, frequently bilateral (up to 50%) and have been reported in twins, although no genetic locus has been identified 2. The discoid meniscus may be a congenital anomaly, and genetics or family history may play a role in the development of discoid menisci. The management of a meniscal cyst consists of diagnostic arthroscopy to determine the presence of a meniscal tear. A discoid meniscus can be associated with knee abnormalities such as high fibular head, fibular muscular defects, hypoplasia of the . However, in some instances, it may hinder the patient's day to day life and needs immediate treatment. It should be noted that an asymptomatic . A discoid meniscus is an unusual meniscus variant, and is wider than the normal crescentic shape. The patients must in 1936 [2, 3].As its name implies, the defining feature of the discoid meniscus is its . Discoid meniscus . Discoid menisci are prone to tearing secondary to increased thickness, poor tissue quality, and instability. The female preponderance of DLM (7:5) was observed embryological development and hereditary transmission.4 Symptomatic discoid menisci can occur equally in children, adolescents, and young adults, and trauma has been listed . The histology and ul-trastructure of the discoid meniscus are different from those of a normal meniscus. The lateral meniscus of a right knee is shown below in green. This condition is caused by a defect that causes the meniscus to be shaped like an oval instead of a c-shape. This retrospective study was aimed to investigate the epidemiologic, clinical and arthroscopic features of discoid meniscus variant in Greek population. Objective: This study aimed to determine the changes in the mRNA levels of the apoptotic and autophagic genes in the discoid meniscus. Discoid Meniscus The meniscus is a wedge-shaped piece of cartilage that sits in between the bones of the knee and acts as a cushion to protect the bones during movement. The pMFL thickness and volume were not significantly related to traumatic lateral meniscal tear, medial meniscal tear, and discoid meniscus. The precise aetiology of a discoid meniscus is unknown, although some authors suggested that it is congenital, with a genetic or familiar . Detailed history and physical examination combined with an MRI of the knee predictably diagnose a discoid meniscus. Although the incidence for a discoid meniscus is between 3% and 5% for the general population, it is unknown with achondroplasia. 24/7 Appointment Helpline +91 40 4567 4567 International +91 40 6600 0066 Home About Us Leadership Team Awards & Recognition Achievements Gallery News Discoid menisci are usually found on the lateral (outer) side of the knee. 11 Discoid lateral meniscus was originally believed to result from an incomplete breakdown of the central meniscus, but this is now disputed, as at no time in . Crouzon syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder known as a branchial arch syndrome. Most people complain of catching, popping, and locking of the knee. 1 Although the etiology of discoid meniscus is not completely understood, it is considered a congenital anomaly with a possible genetic component. . Discoid menisci are those that have a body that is too wide, usually affecting the lateral meniscus. Kaynak Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice. However, in some instances, it may hinder the patient's day to day life and needs immediate treatment.
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