2:15,18; 8:17; 12:18-21; 21:5), they also depart from both text traditions, occasionally in very creative ways (ex. 3:15 and Paul witnesseth that all Scripture was given of God, Christ commends Moses, the Prophets, and Psalms, by which names are meant all the bookes belonging to the Canon of the Hebrews. If you read technical commentaries on this passage, you will find that textual scholars debate the wording of these verses. John 5:3-4 The Troubling of the Water. This class shows you how to read the Bible with confidence and will strengthen your faith in the authenticity of the Scriptures. "The New Testament Text in the Second Century: A Challenge for the Twenty-First Century" New Testament Textual Research Update 8 (2000) pp. Peter gives testimony of Paul's Epistles, 2 Pet. Textual variants in the Gospel of John are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. It is well attested by textual scholars that John 7:58-8:11 (i.e . Fortunately that criticism is totally unfounded as the following . The term does *not* simply mean "the study of texts" or "literary analysis of texts" or anything similar. In doing so, the author will apply ten exegetical tools to the text of I John 5:7-8, gearing them toward the issue of authenticity. 1 John 5:7 was in the Romaunt or Occitan New Testaments used by the Waldenses dating back to the 12th century. Old Testament Textual Criticism: A Practical Introduction. Nor is there the least theological difficulty. 24:15) applies to the N.T. John 5:3b-4 clearly has ancient support. 19. But, like the long ending of Mark, this is not in the earliest and most reliable manuscripts we have, and most textual . F. 1 Timothy 3:16 and 1 John 5:7, in the NIV translation mutilate the deity of Christ and the Trinity, respectively. Reference Charts for New Testament Textual Criticism / 4 mg = in margine: a reading in the margin of a manuscript that is not identified as either a correction or an alternative reading. 1995. And if these average one word, once you eliminate the variants that don't really affect much, then you have less than 1% of the total 138,162 words. Each reading must be examined on its merits, and preference must be given to those readings which are demonstrably in the style of the author under consideration. FAQ; Contact us; About us. PRE-ASSIGNMENT. 3) 1 John 5:7-8. Observe here (1) The honor which Christ gives to the Scriptures, as a record which all have a right and are bound to search--the reverse of which the Church of Rome teaches; (2) The opposite extreme is, resting in the mere Book without the living Christ, to direct the soul to whom is its main use and chiefest glory. It was known by Tertullian, appeared in ancient codices like Alexandrinus, and was adopted by the majority as the traditional reading. The passage concerns the confession of John the Baptist regarding whether he said that Jesus is "the son of God" or "chosen one of God.". the dead --the spiritually dead, as is clear from John 5:28 . John 5:3b,4 "waiting for the moving of the water. September 1, 2020. , Textual Issues. REQUIREMENTS AND ASSIGNMENTS: (M = Metzger, The Text of the N.T.) He flat out lied on the manuscript evidence for 1 John 5:7. 1) Many of the smaller variants are easily decided on (Matthew 5:22) 2) Insignificant types of differences account for the vast majority of "errors". 4. In the entire text of 20,000 lines, only 40 lines are in doubt (about 400 words), and none affects any significant doctrine. Like the Old Testament, the purpose of Textual Criticism is to try to restore as near as possible the original autograph, by examining the manuscript evidence. The first thing to emphasize is that the term "textual criticism" is a technical term with a very specific meaning. 2:6; 27:9-10). An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below. Dr. Daniel Wallace is Senior Professor of New Testament Studies at DTS. The conclusion is, most Textual Criticism scholars agree, we must "weigh" each manuscript and witness, not "count" them. 384. Matthew 18:7 warns, "Woe to the world because of offences [scandals]; for it needs must be that offences come; but woe to the man by whom the offence cometh.". . 4.5. Of the remaining differences, virtually all yield to vigorous textual criticism. Ezra Abbot (1819-1884) earned his MA from . Our response is to point out the number of manuscripts we have of the . John 5:4) B. the original reading of a text when variants exist) 1. the most awkward or grammatically unusual text is probably the original 2. the shortest text is probably the original 3. the older text is given more weight because of its historical proximity to the original, everything else being equal 4. 2) Luke 22:43-44. As difficult as it is to scholars, and bewildering to non-scholars, it is an important . 4. 1 Cor. The John Rollins papyrus of John 18:31-33 and 37-38 is probably the earliest fragment of any part of the New Testament. Its absence is supported by the two major heavyweights of modern text criticism: Sinaiticus and Vaticanus. . There's more to it as well. There are numerous places one might turn for textual variations among English translations (both old and new). In the most ancient copies of the passage, it reads "witnesses, the Spirit and the water and the blood." . j-see notes under John 5:3b-4 for dates. Rather, the evidence will show that a . . 2 Tim. Who . If not this specific question, then one like it. For an angel went down at a certain season . Textual criticism happens with any view of the development of the text of the Bible. Although these variants are very helpful in textual criticism, in enabling us to form judgments about relationships among documents and about the merit of different individual manuscripts, and of groups and families of manuscripts, the great majority of them are trivial."4 . Because no originals exist of the sixty-six books of the Bible, textual criticism must be applied to Scripture to reconstruct the true text. Amphoux and J. Keith Elliott (eds. (1 John 5:7). The closest he came was to give Zuntz' purpose and goal of the discipline. For those of you who have engaged with Christian apologetics, you probably understand that a common objection to the Bible is that it has been changed or corrupted over time. How do you explain this problem? If the Johannine comma is rejected, it is hard to explain this irregularity. The controversy is a matter of textual criticism. 4:4 the new Testament of the Old, 2 Pet. This portion of the Bible, called the pericope adulterae (story of the adulteress) is well known to most Christians. On page 15 under "Pertinent Terms Defined," he lists Textual Criticism as a term, but never defines it. Ad fontes meant there was a desire to find the original manuscripts rather than relying on things like the Latin Vulgate. A blog by James Snapp, Jr. about New Testament textual criticism, especially involving variants in the Gospels. 5 and a certain man was there, which Bruce M. Metzger and Bart Ehrman, The Text of the New Testament, 4th Ed. Berry's Greek text supports this passage. In 1 John 5:7, there is a debated Trinitarian formula which proponents of KJV-only defend as original. Wednesday, April 25, 2018 . 5 Erat autem quidam homo ibi triginta et octo annos habens in infirmitate sua. (unique God) in John 1:18 and the construction of Romans 9:5. . 3in these lay a great multitude of impotent folk, of blind, halt, withered, waiting for the moving of the water. 4.5. j-see notes under John 5:3b-4 for dates. This was the language of the troubadours and men of . The Text of the New Testament an Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. The words spirit, water, and blood are neuter in gender, but in 1 John 5:8 they are treated as masculine. 4 Angelus autem Domini descendebat secundum tempus in piscinam, et movebatur aqua. Joh 5:4 (A L it). One of the strongest arguments in favor of the inclusion of John 5:3b-4 is the fact that it appears in one of the oldest uncial Greek manuscripts, Codex Alexandrinus. John 5:3-4 contains another apparent scribal . F. 1 Timothy 3:16 and 1 John 5:7, in the NIV translation mutilate the deity of Christ and the Trinity, respectively. The words spirit, water, and blood are neuter in gender, but in 1 John 5:8 they are treated as masculine. Bernard M. Levinson, "Textual Criticism, Assyriology, and the History of Interpretation: Deuteronomy 13:7a as a Test Case in Method," Journal of Biblical Literature 120.2 (2001): 211-243. shall live --in the sense of John 5:24 . Answer Simply stated, textual criticism is a method used to determine what the original manuscripts of the Bible said. See also Fuller (32) p 109-10. into the text by a second scribe (cf. Bruce M. Metzger, A Textual Commentary on the GNT, 4th UBS ed. What is the problem . Dr. Daniel Wallace The Center for the Study of New Testament Manuscripts Please Log in to Attend this Lecture . Apologetics. In 1886 he published An Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament. Black, David Alan. 4) John 5:4. c. Remaining passages are a word or two at best. The original manuscripts of the Bible are either lost, hidden, or no longer in existence. But if Erasmus did not promise to . For the first time in one volume this book presents contributions to the textual criticism of the New Testament made over the past twenty years by Bart Ehrman, one of the premier textual scholars in North America. I John 5:7-8 The three primary sources of this evidence are: 1. Brotzman, Ellis. New Testament Manuscripts. Show Disputed New Testament Passages: Textual Criticism Put Into Practice, Ep Does the Lack of an Erasmian Promise Vindicate 1 John 5'7 - Jun 25, 2011. Ideally, the work of textual criticism should proceed with all of these . The Johannine Comma is found "in twenty-nine of the fairest, oldest, and most correct of extant Vulgate manuscripts" (Maynard, A History of the Debate over 1 John 5:7-8, p. 343). 2. 1993. 1 John 5:7-8, the "Johannine Comma" Download a PDF telling the story of how this got added into the Textus Receptus and the King James Version. It was known by Tertullian, appeared in ancient codices like Alexandrinus, and was adopted by the majority as the traditional reading. We've all heard the story. Other volumes offer focused application of textual criticism to important readings, such as (unique God) in John 1:18, and provide in-depth analyses of important topics like palaeography and papyrology. However it is solved, the meaning remains the same. Thoroughgoing Eclecticism, therefore, is an approach to textual criticism that is eclectic in that it does not start with a particular manuscript or textual family, but it presumes that the original readings are to be found within the broad spectrum of manuscripts and variants. No one type of text is infallible, or to be preferred by virtue of its generally superior authority. 1 This volume went through several editions. An Introduction to Textual Criticism. 4.5. Now, if 16.5% of the verses involve a textual problem that is given less than an A rating in UBS, that means that 1320 variants at most are significant. A couple dozen variants involve one or two verses. I have also posted a brief study of John 5:3-4 in Codex Alexandrinus here, in which I note some of the peculiarities of Codex A's text of the passage. Hopefully this is edifying and helpful to you! Carl W. Griffin and Frank F. Judd Jr., "Principles of New Testament Textual Criticism" in How the New Testament Came to Be: The Thirty-fifth Annual Sidney B. Sperry Symposium, ed. I thought that this would be an ideal time to create a post with links to all of those in the series. This means that our New Testament is 99.5% textually pure. What counts is the Nature of the Variants. 2now there is at jerusalem by the sheep market a pool, which is called in the hebrew tongue bethesda, having five porches. Meaningful but not Viable (poor chance of being authentic) a. Let us neither add nor subtract from the Bible (Rev. Ideally, the work of textual criticism should proceed with all of these . So the procedure would be to first to collect the available evidence. . Note that the Old Latin TEXT dates from the 2nd Century, (17) p77 Jerome (385 AD), who included it in the Vulgate after surveying older . Here we read of the pool of Bethesda, having five porches. London: Rivingtons, 1943. 2. The Text-Critical Use of the Septuagint in Biblical Research (Jerusalem Biblical Studies) The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries saw a growing uneasiness with the accuracy of the Greek texts behind the widely used King James Bible. This verse presents a very insignificant textual problem. Consider carefully the textual problem of Mark 16:9-20. 3 in these lay a great multitude of impotent folk, of blind, halt, withered, waiting for the moving of the water. John 5:3b,4 "waiting for the moving of the water. Et qui prior descendisset in piscinam post motionem aqu, sanus fiebat a quacumque detinebatur infirmitate. True textual criticism must be scholarly and reverent. Project Number 4. Carson sums up this way: Though it is missing in two ancient papyri, one of those (p66 . There are several factors employed in textual criticism. Tov, Emanuel. changes were made to correct a perceived problem in the text (cf. 1-14. John 5, 17, and Starting with Scripture as Our Only Reliable . Metzger in . Basic Text-Critical Chart for John 3----- 67 18. 1 Thessalonians 2.7: "although we could have imposed our weight as 4 min. Read the textbook by Metzger and Ehrman and submit a summary of 5-7 pages on the book. Also reprinted in Eldon Jay Epp and Gordon D. Fee, Studies in the Theory and Method of New Testament Textual Criticism (Studies and Documents, 45; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1993), 221-243. 3. Examples of missing verses and passages are John 5:4, Acts 8:37, and 1 John 5:7. The purpose of this study is to construct such a case. $ 0.00 - $ 299.99. In the 1990s I took a New Testament textual criticism class under John B. Polhill as an elective in my MDiv studies. St.Matt.xxiv.35 . 1) Matt 6:13. Rev. Note that the Old Latin TEXT dates from the 2nd Century, (17) p77 Jerome (385 AD), who included it in the Vulgate after surveying older . , a combination of the Western and Byzantine readings. If the Johannine comma is rejected, it is hard to explain this irregularity. OJXoyotMofohfit)TzafjkXQojai. Looking back, it remains in my recollection as one of the best classes I experienced during that time. Alan Hugh McNeile [1871-1933], An Introduction to the Study of the New Testament. 8 DVDs 36 Video Sessions Course Workbook. 4. For an angel went down at a certain season . Joh 5:3-4, for they are not found in the earliest and best witnesses ( 66, 75 B C* T pc co), they include un-Johannine vocabulary and syntax, several of the MSS that include the verses mark them as spurious (with an asterisk or . Few textual scholars today would accept the authenticity of any portion of vv. I learned more about the origin and transmission of the New Testament in that course [] 3. 41. The manuscript evidence for 1 John 5:7 that all the modern versions attack is found in manuscripts #61, #88, #629, and Codex Ravianus. The Prophets give testimony of Moses, Mal. But . Greek manuscripts that contain 1 John 5:7-8 in the first eleven centuries! e.g He . E. Conclusion: Grade A- John 5.3b-4 not authentic. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. The first two are the longest passages to be affected, and the last is the most significant doctrinal statement to be affected." Page 131. . Kent P. Jackson and Frank F. Judd Jr. (Provo, UT: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University; Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2006), 78-92. 22:18-19). . 1:19, 20. Reviewed in the United States on April 16, 2014 Verified Purchase In the Conclusion, he gives what he implies are the main arguments against 1 John 5:7, . The overall purpose of such exegesis is not to prove genuineness although the author would concede to such a conclusion. . Sidenote: Our friend Sam Shamoun (an excellent apologist) above is caught in a bit of this conundrum. 1. John 5:4) "The Nature of the Evidence available for restructuring the Text of the New Testament in the Second Century" in Christian-B. This aspect of textual criticism, having to do with whether or not a given author wrote the words in question, is admittedly the most subjective dimension of our science. And in Codex D, a conflation appears in John 5:37: the Alexandrian Text (supported by Papyrus 75) reads has , . The most important factors are: (1) which readings occur in the oldest manuscripts, (2) which readings occur in manuscripts found over which geographic areas, and (3) which readings occur in a significant majority of manuscripts. 4. 11:27 and 1 John 5:7-8) some additional information as to the historical setting or proper interpretation of the text was placed in the margin by one scribe but placed into the text by a second scribe (cf. 4 for an angel went down at a certain season into the pool, and troubled the water: whosoever then first after the troubling of the water stepped in was made whole of whatsoever disease he had. 3. ), The New Testament Text in "The three most important differences between the Received Text and the Critical Text are Mark 16:9-20; John 7:53-8:1-11; and I John 5:7-8. The first trend . KJB (NASB 1995 edition, ISV 2014, Holman Standard 2009, Legacy N.T. Textual criticism collects and examines the evidence about written works in an attempt to recover the original text. There's noting to be "refuted." The question is in which principles one uses when evaluating the text of the Bible. Textual variants in the First Epistle of John are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. WorldCat Amazon CBD. See also Fuller (32) p 109-10. We have some manuscripts that add the name . AGUIDE TOTHE TEXTUALCRITICISM OFTHE NEWTESTAMENT. What is the textual problem in Acts 8:37? Many modern versions and some "scholars" cast doubt on the authenticity of the inspired words we find in John 5:3-4. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below. Chris Whisonant, September 1, 2020. This text is that which underlies the NASB, NIV, ASV, RSV, etc. Bruce Metzger and the Curse of Textual Criticism Dr. Jeffrey Khoo Dean, Far Eastern Bible College and Seminary in Singapore. Textual Criticism; Some Famous Textual Problems: Mark 5:3b-4; Lesson; Some Famous Textual Problems: Mark 5:3b-4. There's textual criticism behind the KJV and behind every other translation. 2021) John 5:3 - "In these lay a great multitude of impotent . Another example is Mark 16:9-20, although that passage is always placed in the text or in footnotes. March 1, 2018. BYEDWARDMILLER,M.A. Consider Matthew 27:16-17. He holds a Masters of Divinity with languages and a Bachelors in Broadcast Journalism. Berry's Greek text supports this passage. 80. 1994. The true text of 1st John 5:7-8 as actually written by John reads: " (7) because there are three who bear witness, (8) the Spirit and the water and the blood, and the three have the same purpose." 1st John 5:7-8. "Evangelical Textual Criticism". Desiderius Erasmus (1466- 1536) became the pioneer of textual criticism. Therefore, textual criticism is not criticizing the Bible. IV. 4for an angel went down at a certain season into the pool, and troubled the water: whosoever then first after Greek scholar D.A. Reading Time: 4 minutes. Its absence is supported by the two major heavyweights of modern text criticism: Sinaiticus and Vaticanus. Abidan Paul Shah (born October, 1973) has his PhD in New Testament Textual Criticism (ancient biblical manuscripts) and is an Adjunct Professor of Greek at Southeastern Seminary, Wake Forest. In fact, there are only three truly transparent ones of the 12 shown below - four if you include the NET, which though providing a text critical discussion is not actually transparent to the text it reads. New Testament Textual Criticism: A Concise Guide. . February 19, 2007. A Simple Introduction to Textual Criticism (John 5:3-4) The careful reader of Scripture will likely at some point ask, " Why is there no verse 4 in chapter 5 of John's Gospel ?". 2. RECTOROFBUCKNELL,OXON. Where Do I Start? 208. Start here. In his annotations to his third edition he does not protest the rendering now in his text, 4 as though it were made to order; but he does defend himself from the charge of indolence, noting that he had taken care to find whatever manuscripts he could for the production of his Greek New Testament. It is noteworthy that at the time when Joseph Smith received new sacred texts, the field of modern biblical textual criticism was just emerging. Though it is missing in two ancient papyri, one of those (p66 . WorldCat Amazon CBD. Bruce Manning Metzger passed away on February 13, 2007 at the age of 93. 1. Matthew Tingblad. Thus, the testimony of Codex Vaticanus is more important than the . John 7:53 - 8:11. In addition to the few missing verses, there are numerous words and phrases that are missing from newer translations. On the Inauthenticity of John 5:3b-4 Gordon D. Fee . Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. 1. One of the most common criticisms of the Bible is that due to the dates of the original documents and the numerous copies and translations that have made of them, that what we have now is corrupted and we have no way in which to validate the authenticity of our current Bible. One of those humanist scholars was a Dutch theologian by the name of Desiderius Erasmus (1466- 1536) who became the pioneer of textual criticism. In 2008, Colin Smith posted a 13-part series as an introduction to textual criticism. Gordon D. Fee, "On the Inauthenticity of John 5:3b-4," The Evangelical Quarterly 54.4 (Oct.-Dec. 1982): 207-218. f. If we can say "John loves Mary" over 1000 times in Greek without substantially changing the meaning, the number of textual variants for the NT is meaningless 1. The Work of Textual Criticism. Here He rises from the calmer phrase "hearing his word " ( John 5:24 ), to the grander expression, "hearing the voice of the Son of God, " to signify that as it finds men in a dead condition, so it carries with it a resurrection-power. In this video, Dr. Daniel B. Wallace of the Center for the Study of New Testament Manuscripts (CSNTM) applies the methodology of New Testament textual criticism (NTTC) to John 1:34. Global Nav Open Menu Global Nav Close Menu; Apple; . . . Revised by Silva New. He taught New Testament language and literature at Princeton Theological Seminary (PTS) since 1938. . Second is the so-called "Johannine Comma" of 1 John 5:7-8. It is usually said that in 1 John 5.8 the spirit, the water, and the blood are personalized and that this is the reason for the adoption of the masculine gender. It's Matthew's version of the Barabbas episodethe famous story in which the Roman governor Pilate offers freedom to either Jesus or Barabbas. 5.0 out of 5 stars A concurrent account of the shenanigans that vaulted "scientific" Textual Criticism to dominance in bible scholarship. It is usually said that in 1 John 5.8 the spirit, the water, and the blood are personalized and that this is the reason for the adoption of the masculine gender. An overall trend toward closer conformity to LXX in Jesus' speech, however, does seem to be present and while revision toward a proto-Masoretic text type is more pronounced outside this grouping (ex. Text-Critical Chart for John 3:12 ----- 68 . "Codex Sinaiticus in the Gospel of John: A Contribution to Methodology in Establishing Textual Relationships," New Testament Studies 15 (1968/1969), 23-44. The spurious expansion of this passage erroneously included in the KJV is doubtless the result of a gloss. Textual Criticism - Physical Workbook quantity. Including fifteen previously published articles and six lectures (delivered at Duke University and Yale University), this collection will be of vital importance to all students and . He has been the pastor of Clearview Church, Henderson, NC for 23 years. Lay people often misuse the term, not knowing that it refers to a particular and highly specialized field of study. Textual Criticism & Translation: Ephesians 5:22. F. Finally, Providential Preservation (Matt. John 5:3b-4 clearly has ancient support. "Let he who is without sin cast the first stone!". There are very few textually transparent translations of Ephesians 5:22.
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